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Some Basic Information about Criminal Law According to criminal law, when offenses are committed that are detrimental to the society, these are labelled as crimes. As far as common law jurisdiction, when crimes disturb the peace of the sovereign, a legal implication is involved. The sovereign are represented by government officials as the agents, and it is their responsibility to prosecute offenders. The term plaintiff in practical terms of criminal law is translated as the monarch or people. Unlike in civil law when the objective is individual compensation, the major objective of criminal law is deterrence and punishment. A criminal offence has two particular elements and these are the physical act or the actus reur or guilty act and the requisite mental state of which the act is done or mens rea or guilty mind. As an example in a murder case, the actus reus is the unlawful killing of the person, while the mens rea is the intention or malice to kill or cause grave injury to the person. The criminal law specifies the punishment that will be put on the concern person, and it also would require the defendants to detail their defences so that their criminal responsibility will be lessen or negated. The offender will not be prosecuted under a victim of a victim’s consent under the criminal law. Be informed also that the consent of the victim cannot be a defence in many crimes and a criminal prosecution can happen even with the objections of the victim. Both in the common and civil law traditions, there are two fields that the criminal law is divided. The first would be to address the violations of criminal law, and so the criminal procedure would regulate the process. Another field is the substantive criminal law that specifies the definition of and punishments for in the different crimes.
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With criminal law, crimes from civil wrongs like tort or breach of contract are distinguished from the other. While civil law has the objective of primarily directing relationships between groups and individuals and their obligations and rights under the law, criminal law is viewed as a system of regulating individuals and groups in relation to the whole society. It was not until the late nineteenth century that the legal systems in the past underwent a definition between civil and criminal law. In many U.S. law schools, the English common criminal law of 1750 is the basic course in criminal law.
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Arrests and searches, drug crimes, juvenile law, drunk driving, parole, probation, pardons, violent crimes, white collar crimes and military law are among the many types of criminal laws. Note that criminal law is also known as penal law which is a term used to address to the different rule bodies in certain jurisdictions.